Define the concept of optimization

The process of finding the maximum or minimum values of a function.

Define the concept of a divergence of a vector field

A scalar representing the magnitude of a source or sink at a given point in a vector field.

Define the ratio test for series convergence

A test that uses the ratio of successive terms to determine a series' convergence.

Explain divergence in the context of a series

A series diverges if the sum does not approach a finite number as the number of terms increases.

Define a Laplace transform

An integral transform that converts a function of a real variable into a function of a complex variable.

Define a Riemann Sum

An approximation of the integral of a function using finite sums.

Define the concept of a gradient field

A vector field representing the gradient of a scalar function.

Define arc length

The length of a curve defined by a function.

Define a differential

An infinitesimally small change in a function, related to the derivative.

Define a PDE (Partial Differential Equation)

An equation involving partial derivatives of a function of several variables.

Define a derivative at a point

The slope of the tangent line to a function at that point.

Define the Mean Value Theorem

There exists at least one point where the function's derivative equals the function's average rate of change over an interval.

Define definite integral

The integral of a function over a specified interval.

Define convergence in the context of a series

A series converges if the sum approaches a finite number as the number of terms goes to infinity.

Define the disk method for volume calculation

A method to find the volume of a solid of revolution using disks.

Define limit

The value that a function approaches as the input approaches some value.

Define a parametric equation

An equation where the variables are expressed as functions of a parameter.

Define a surface integral

The integral of a scalar field over a surface.

Define a conservative vector field

A vector field where the line integral from one point to another is independent of the path.

Define implicit differentiation

Finding the derivative of a function defined by an equation.

Define a vector field

An assignment of a vector to each point in a subset of space.

Define a partial derivative

The derivative of a multivariable function with respect to one variable while keeping others constant.

Define Euler's Method

A numerical method to approximate solutions of differential equations.

Define a Maclaurin Series

A Taylor Series centered at zero.

Define curl in vector analysis

A measure of the rotation of a vector field.